- By the end of the revolution, Napoleon began to rise up through the ranks.
- He will become the king of France
- Napoleon became First Console
- He was part of a triumvirate- rule by three
- The console was established to ensure democracy in France, but Napoleon twisted it and became a dictator.
- A new constitution was approved
- The people of France chose a new senate
- This senate had very little power in the constitution
- This allowed Napoleon to get more power
- In exchange for this unbalanced power, he promised peace for the French people
- The English and the Dutch did not like the French
- Napoleon made a peace deal with England
- The emigrates- nobles against the revolution- were offered amnesty to come back to France
- There was an opposition
- Napoleon created a secret police force to suppress the media
- Napoleon set up the Organic Articles to the Concordat
- He can elect officials, decide what goes on in the Church, and can force clergy to read state documents.
- Napoleon kept that there would be no titles
- The Napoleonic Code- an overhaul of the French legal system- was established
- Citizens were declared equal under law
- Freedom of religion was guaranteed
- Labor unions were outlawed
- Women lost the legal gains they had made during the revolution
- Men gained all control over property
- A woman had no rights to her earnings
- One's status was defined by their wealth
- It was possible for citizens to move up in the hierarchy
- 1802- Napoleon was named console for life
- He had the power to choose his own successor
- He had the power to mend the constitution
- With these powers, he had himself coronated as the Emperor of France
Napoleonic Wars
- Wanting to expand his empire, Napoleon went to war
- He sold the Louisiana territory for next to nothing to be rid of the slave problem
- Napoleon decides to fight against England- a naval war
- In 1805 the English and French fight at Trafalgar
- Poland is set up as the Grand Duchee of Warsaw
- After two years of defeating Russian armies, .................
- Napoleon took territory to the east and then thought about taking his expansions to the west
- He couldn't get to England without a navy
- He established the Continental System
- If you are an ally of France, you must boycott English goods
- Napoleon convinced the Spanish monarch to leave the throne
- He puts his own brother, Joseph, on the throne of Spain
- He supports the new king of Spain
- Massive guerrilla war broke out
- The French Empire has holdings in Germany, Poland, and Spain. He is demolishing the British and has a stronghold on trade.
- Outside of France, Napoleon is hated.
- Russia allied with Britain in 1810
- Napoleon does not approve of this
- He sent an invasion army to attack Russia- 700, 000 troops were sent
- The Russians use Scorched Earth policy
- They burn down their town and the surrounding fields
- As the French keeps approached, the Russians keep burning their own towns and fields
- The city of Moscow is abandoned and burned
- Napoleon sort of won the battle but then blizzard struck
- A substantial part of Napoleon's army perished because of the weather
- Napoleon went back to France
- The Russians feel that they are on top
- Russia, Prussia, Austria, and England sign into the quadruple alliance
- Napoleon is exiled
- Louis XVIII is brought in and installed as the constitutional monarch
- The leader of the quadruple alliance meet with Talleyrand
- Napoleon escaped from Alba and raised a new army of his own
- "The 100 Days Battle Through Europe"
- He met the British at Waterloo, Belgium
- Napoleon is captured and sent into British custody
- He died in 1821
Effects
- Alliances formed during this period carry on, up until WWII
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